Which of the following describes the ability to understand the structure of sound in spoken language?

The ability to understand the structure of sound in spoken language is best described by phonological awareness. This concept encompasses the recognition of various sound structures, including the ability to hear and manipulate phonemes (the smallest units of sound), syllables, and onsets and rimes in words. Phonological awareness is foundational for literacy development, as it allows individuals to decode words when reading and enhance their spoken language skills.

In contrast, graphophonic knowledge refers to the relationship between sounds and their corresponding letters or graphemes; comprehension skills pertain to the ability to understand and interpret meaning from text; and fluency development focuses on the speed, accuracy, and expression when reading aloud. These aspects are significant in literacy but do not specifically address the understanding of sound structures as phonological awareness does.