Which of the following best characterizes distributed learning?

Distributed learning is best characterized by spreading study sessions over time, which is often referred to as the spacing effect. This approach allows for better retention and understanding of information, as it encourages learners to revisit material over intervals rather than cramming all at once. When study sessions are spaced out, it helps reinforce the learning, making it more effective for long-term memory. This method contrasts significantly with cramming or studying everything in one long session, which can lead to superficial understanding and quicker forgetting.

By spreading study sessions, learners create a more favorable environment for cognitive processes like retrieval practice and consolidation of knowledge, which enhances overall academic performance. This technique is backed by numerous studies that show that learners who utilize distributed practice tend to outperform those who engage in massed practice (studying all at once) in tests of retention and comprehension.