What term describes the methods that improve memory and learning through specific techniques?

The term that describes methods used to enhance memory and learning through specific techniques is "memory strategies." Memory strategies encompass a variety of techniques and approaches that individuals can apply to improve their ability to retain and retrieve information. These strategies can include mnemonic devices, visualization, rehearsal, and organization of information, which all facilitate better encoding and recall of material.

Memory strategies are intentionally used to aid in the processing of information, making it more accessible and less likely to be forgotten. By leveraging these techniques, learners can structure their learning experiences in ways that align with cognitive principles, ultimately leading to more effective comprehension and long-term retention of knowledge.

In this context, other options like recall tasks refer more specifically to the activity involved in retrieving information rather than the methods to enhance memory. The situated learning perspective emphasizes the role of context in learning, while the encoding specificity principle relates to how the context of memory affects retrieval, but these do not refer directly to the techniques for improving memory and learning.