What term describes the ability to hold sound-based information in immediate memory?

The term that accurately describes the ability to hold sound-based information in immediate memory is phonological memory. This construct refers specifically to the capacity to temporarily store and manipulate verbal and auditory information that is presented in the form of sounds, such as speech. Phonological memory is crucial for various language-related tasks, including reading and vocabulary development, as it allows individuals to process and recall the sounds of language.

Phonological memory encompasses the skills necessary for the immediate recall of spoken information, making it distinct from related concepts that may involve different cognitive processes or focus on aspects of sound memory without the immediate recall component. This differentiation underscores why phonological memory is the most precise term among the options provided.

In contrast, phonological retrieval refers more to the process of accessing stored phonological information rather than the immediate holding of sound-based data. Sound memory and audio retention are more general terms and do not specifically address the immediate aspect of memory, making them less appropriate in this context.