What describes the significant choices a writer makes regarding words and language?

The correct answer is diction, as diction refers specifically to the selection of words and phrases in speaking and writing. It encompasses the writer’s choices in vocabulary, which can affect tone, clarity, and overall impression of the piece. By choosing certain words over others, a writer can convey particular emotions, create imagery, or imply deeper meanings, thus shaping the reader’s experience and understanding of the text. Diction is an integral part of a writer's voice and is often tailored to specific audiences or genres to enhance communication.

Choosing diction carefully allows the writer to resonate with their audience on a more profound level and contributes to the overall effectiveness of the writing. In contrast, syntax is concerned with how words are arranged in sentences; style encompasses broader elements such as tone and voice; and grammar refers to the rules and structure of the language itself. While all these elements are essential to writing, diction specifically relates to the significance of word choice.